When you buy a life policy, you do so because the policy's death benefit will provide financial support to your loved ones.
That's why you choose a beneficiary. Ensure your wishes are met and your loved ones are taken care of by understanding what a beneficiary is and then deciding who that will be.
Beneficiary Defined
A beneficiary is the person or entity who will receive the death benefit of your life policy after you die.
If your term policy includes a $300,000 death benefit, for example, your beneficiary will receive $300,000 if you die before your policy matures. Learn more about coverage options at Individual Life Insurance.
Whom can you Choose as a Beneficiary?
You have options about who can be your beneficiary. Most people choose their spouse, child, or other relative who depends on them for financial support.
You can also choose a friend, caregiver, or more than one person to receive the death benefit. A trustee can also be chosen to receive the death benefit; that person oversees the funds and ensures they are handled appropriately.
An organization can also be a beneficiary. Your favorite charity, college, or cause can be the recipient of your policy proceeds — see Life Insurance for related options.
The Levels of Beneficiaries
You can choose between two levels of beneficiaries: primary and contingent. The primary beneficiary receives the death benefit attached to your policy after you die.
If the primary beneficiary has also died, the contingent beneficiary receives the death benefit. If neither beneficiary is alive, the death benefit typically pays to your estate.
Specify the Beneficiaries
When choosing a beneficiary, include as much detail as possible, such as the person's full name and social security number. This step helps ensure your wishes become reality and reduces conflict over who receives the money.
For example, if your beneficiary list includes only the word "wife" but you later divorce, both your current and former spouses might be able to claim the proceeds at the time of your death. Be specific about how the benefit is distributed, such as naming one primary beneficiary to receive the full amount or splitting it evenly between contingent beneficiaries.
Update your policy often to ensure your wishes are met; if you need help, you can talk to an agent about beneficiary designations and policy updates.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can I name more than one beneficiary?
Yes. You can name multiple beneficiaries and specify the percentage or share each should receive.
What happens if I don't name a beneficiary?
If you do not name a beneficiary, the death benefit will typically be paid to your estate and distributed according to your will or state law.
Should I include a social security number for my beneficiary?
Including a beneficiary's social security number helps the insurer identify the correct recipient and can speed up the claims process.
Can I change my beneficiary after the policy is issued?
Yes. Most insurers allow you to update beneficiaries; check your policy rules and submit the required form to make changes official.