Self-driving cars are becoming more available in consumer markets. These vehicles are gaining attention because they can reduce accidents, ease congestion, lower fuel use, increase rider productivity and improve mobility for people who cannot drive.
Despite these benefits, self-driving cars face cyber and hacking threats that could cause accidents, create chaos or enable malicious acts. Learn more about the cyber risks and hacker threats to self-driving cars as you prepare for the future.
How do Self-Driving Cars Work?
The technology that makes self-driving cars work is complex. Each vehicle is equipped with cameras, radar, sonar, LiDAR, GPS and multiple sensors that inform the car how to behave and where to go.
The car also connects to systems that provide mapping, traffic and environmental information so it can navigate in real time.
Ways Cyber Risks and Hacker Threats Compromise Self-Driving Cars
The same connectivity and automation that operate a self-driving car also create vulnerabilities. If any part of a vehicle's network, control unit or connected device is compromised, the car can behave improperly.
Even an attack on a passenger's smartphone, tablet or laptop that pairs with the vehicle could potentially interfere with vehicle systems.
Three phases of a cyber attack
- Hackers access a car's electronic control unit.
- They inject incorrect or malicious code into the unit.
- The car malfunctions and may brake improperly, move unexpectedly, collide with objects or people, stop in the middle of the road, or be taken over by a malicious actor.
Solutions to Self-Driving Car Cyber Risks and Hack Threats
Manufacturers, researchers and security specialists take cyber risks seriously and are working to make self-driving cars safer for everyone.
One example is the Automotive Information Sharing and Analysis Center (Auto-ISAC), where manufacturers share threat data used to harden components, networks and systems to reduce cyber risks.
Independent groups and academic teams perform controlled security testing (often called white-hat hacking) to identify flaws across vehicle systems, including climate controls and powertrain components, and to push manufacturers to fix those flaws.
Manufacturers are also improving how software updates are delivered; many updates have required a dealer visit, and over-the-air update options are being developed to reduce delays and patch vulnerabilities more quickly.
For vehicle owners and operators with unusual coverage needs, some specialty policies address unique vehicle types and uses, such as Horse-Drawn Vehicle (Carriage) Insurance or coverage tailored to driving schools like Tractor Trailer Driving Schools Insurance.
If you have questions about how self-driving features or cyber risks affect your insurance, talk to an agent to review your policy and options.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can hackers really take control of a self-driving car?
Yes, researchers have demonstrated ways to access vehicle systems in controlled tests, which is why manufacturers and security teams work to fix vulnerabilities.
Will my auto insurance cover a cyber-related accident?
Coverage depends on your policy and insurer; some traditional liability and comprehensive policies may respond, while other cyber-specific impacts might need additional coverage.
How can I reduce the cyber risk to my self-driving vehicle?
Keep vehicle software up to date, avoid unknown devices pairing with the car, and follow manufacturer guidance for security and updates.
What should I do if I suspect my car has been hacked?
Safely stop the vehicle if possible, contact emergency services for immediate danger, and notify the vehicle manufacturer and your insurer to report the incident.