Probably less than you think.
There are a variety of ways to reduce the risk of repetitive stress injuries among employees who sit behind desktop computer terminals. However, the proliferation of laptops, tablets, and smartphones in the workplace has created a need for ergonomic guidelines specific to these devices. Employers concerned about device-related risks can review Risks of Portable Devices in the Workplace.
Laptops. Workers who set up their laptops on desks should apply the ergonomics guidelines for conventional desktop terminals. Those who use laptops away from their desks should sit in a chair that allows for an upright or slightly reclined posture, center the device in front of themselves, and keep their arms and elbows relaxed and close to the body, with elbows bent at a 90° angle.
Tablets. Overuse of tablets (and notebooks) is so widespread that this condition has acquired its own name, "iPad shoulder." To deal with this problem, workers should: 1) use cases that keep the device propped on a table at about a 60°–70° angle to prevent neck strain; and 2) set a font size large enough for them to read material with their back and neck in a straight vertical line. Employers providing portable devices may also want to consult Risks of Providing Portable Devices to Employees for program-level guidance.
Smartphones. Smartphone users are spending less time talking on their device and more time using it as a visual interface. "The posture we assume while texting and e-mailing from mobile devices — using our thumbs to type, crunched over a tiny keyboard — is unnatural and presents problems when we do it constantly without giving our body enough breaks," says Kermit Davis, professor of environmental health at the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine. Davis recommends that smartphone users:
Smartphone tips
- Draft shorter messages.
- Use word recognition tools to reduce keystrokes.
- Keep the wrist relatively straight.
- Keep moving and change posture every few minutes (the same principle applies to using desktop computers, laptops and tablets).
Our risk management professionals would be happy to work with you in developing ergonomic guidelines for employees who use their mobile electronic devices for work-related purposes. Just talk to an agent.
Frequently Asked Questions
How often should I take breaks when using a mobile device?
Take short breaks every 20–30 minutes to change posture and rest eyes and hands; longer breaks every hour help reduce fatigue.
What posture reduces neck and shoulder strain when using a tablet?
Prop the tablet so the screen is near eye level and keep your back and neck in a neutral, vertical alignment to minimize strain.
Are phone grips or stands helpful for smartphone use?
Yes—grips and stands can reduce the need to cradle the phone and help keep wrists and shoulders in a more neutral position.
What simple steps can employers take to lower device-related injury risk?
Provide basic ergonomic guidance, encourage regular movement, and offer accessories or cases that support neutral posture and readable fonts.