I ran across a study by the BMJ Group that analyzed the health impacts of shift work (non‑daytime schedules) on cardiovascular events. The study reported a 23% higher risk of heart attack among shift workers and estimated that shift work accounted for about 7% of all heart attacks.
What's already known
- Shift work is associated with an increased risk of hypertension, metabolic syndrome, dyslipidaemia, and diabetes mellitus.
- Disruption of circadian rhythm might predispose shift workers to vascular events; however, there's no organized systematic synthesis of all types of vascular events.
What this study adds
- Shift work is associated with myocardial infarction, coronary events, and ischaemic stroke; although the relative risks are modest, risks attributable to population are high.
- These findings seem robust and are insensitive to publication bias, quality of study, and socioeconomic status.
- Conversely, shift work is not associated with increased rates of mortality (whether from vascular causes or overall).
Implications for employers
The study has practical lessons for employers who have staff working non‑daytime schedules. Preventive activities—such as encouraging a healthy diet, regular exercise, smoking cessation, and reducing other stressors—are important for all employees and especially relevant for shift workers.
- Make sure employees are aware of the health risks related to shift work and support preventive measures, workplace wellness programs, and reasonable scheduling where possible.
- Review obligations under workers' compensation, disability accommodation and leave laws if an employee develops a related health condition, and document workplace policies and health programs clearly.
Employers may also consult broader workplace resources for coverage and risk-management guidance, for example Workplace Challenges and Insurance Solutions and The Dangers of Impairment in the Workplace. For specific policy or coverage questions, discuss them with an insurance agent or talk to an agent.
Frequently Asked Questions
Does shift work definitely cause heart attacks?
Studies show an association between shift work and higher rates of heart attack and other vascular events, but association does not prove direct causation for every individual.
What can employers do to reduce risk for shift workers?
Employers can promote healthy lifestyles, offer workplace wellness programs, provide education about sleep and diet, and consider scheduling practices that reduce chronic circadian disruption.
Should shift workers get different medical screening?
Shift workers with risk factors may benefit from regular screening for hypertension, diabetes, and lipid disorders; employees should consult their healthcare provider for personalized recommendations.
Can insurance cover health problems related to shift work?
Coverage depends on the policy and jurisdiction; employers and employees should review benefits, workers' compensation rules, and discuss options with an insurance professional.